List of Helping Verbs

Helping verbs, also known as auxiliary verbs, assist the main verb in a sentence by extending its meaning. They help to form different tenses, voices, and moods.

Here is a comprehensive list of helping verbs:

List of Helping Verbs

  • Am: Used with present participles to form continuous tenses (e.g., I am running).
  • Are: Used with present participles to form continuous tenses (e.g., You are running).
  • Aren’t: Contraction of are not, used to negate present participles (e.g., They aren’t running).
  • Be: Used with various participles to form different tenses (e.g., She will be going).
  • Been: Used with past participles to indicate a completed action (e.g., They have been called).
  • Being: Used with other verbs to indicate a continuous action (e.g., He is being helpful).
  • Can: Indicates ability or possibility (e.g., She can swim).
  • Can’t: Contraction of cannot, used to indicate the inability to perform an action (e.g., He can’t drive).
  • Could: Past tense of can, used to indicate a possible action or ability (e.g., She could read when she was four).
  • Could’ve: Contraction of could have, indicating a possible action or ability in the past (e.g., She could’ve been there).
  • Couldn’t: Contraction of could not, used to indicate a past inability (e.g., They couldn’t attend the meeting).
  • Dare: Used in questions and negatives to indicate challenge or courage (e.g., How dare you?).
  • Did: Past tense of do, used to form questions and negatives in the past simple tense (e.g., Did they go?).
  • Didn’t: Contraction of did not (e.g., He didn’t call).
  • Do: Used to form questions and negatives in the present simple tense (e.g., Do you like coffee?).
  • Does: Third person singular form of do (e.g., Does he play guitar?).
  • Doesn’t: Contraction of does not (e.g., She doesn’t know).
  • Had: Used to form the past perfect tense (e.g., She had left).
  • Hadn’t: Contraction of had not (e.g., They hadn’t noticed).
  • Has: Third person singular form of have, used to form the present perfect tense (e.g., She has eaten).
  • Hasn’t: Contraction of has not (e.g., He hasn’t arrived).
  • Have: Used to form the present perfect tense (e.g., They have finished).
  • Haven’t: Contraction of have not (e.g., We haven’t started).
  • Is: Used with singular subjects in continuous tenses (e.g., He is working).
  • Isn’t: Contraction of is not, used to negate present participles (e.g., He isn’t playing).
  • May: Indicates permission or possibility (e.g., You may leave).
  • May’ve: Contraction of may have (e.g., They may’ve forgotten).
  • Might: Indicates a lower possibility than may (e.g., It might rain).
  • Might’ve: Contraction of might have, indicating a possible action or state in the past (e.g., They might’ve seen it).
  • Must: Indicates necessity or strong probability (e.g., You must finish your work).
  • Must’ve: Contraction of must have, indicating a strong probability or necessity in the past (e.g., He must’ve known).
  • Mustn’t: Contraction of must not (e.g., They mustn’t be late).
  • Need: Used to indicate necessity in questions and negatives (e.g., Need you ask?).
  • Ought: Indicates duty or correctness, typically used with to (e.g., You ought to listen).
  • Shall: Indicates future action (e.g., I shall return).
  • Shan’t: Contraction of shall not (e.g., I shan’t forget).
  • Should: Indicates obligation or probability (e.g., You should apologize).
  • Shouldn’t: Contraction of should not (e.g., They shouldn’t wait).
  • Used to: Indicates a past habit or state (e.g., She used to play piano).
  • Was: Past tense of be for singular subjects (e.g., She was dancing).
  • Wasn’t: Contraction of was not (e.g., He wasn’t invited).
  • Were: Past tense of be for plural subjects and singular formal/plural second person (e.g., They were playing).
  • Weren’t: Contraction of were not, used to negate past participles (e.g., They weren’t going).
  • Will: Indicates future action (e.g., I will help).
  • Won’t: Contraction of will not (e.g., She won’t go).
  • Would: Indicates a future action from a past perspective or polite requests (e.g., I would like to know).
  • Would’ve: Contraction of would have, indicating a future action from a past perspective or hypothetical situation (e.g., I would’ve gone).
  • Wouldn’t: Contraction of would not (e.g., He wouldn’t leave).